The standard method for converting decimal to binary often involves repeated division by 2, which usually requires writing out calculations. Here, we introduce a method designed for mental arithmetic—the "1248 Method"—that allows you to perform these conversions quickly without needing scratch paper.
Modbus is a universal industrial communication protocol widely used for communication between devices in automation. It was originally developed by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) in 1979 and is an open standard protocol.
In the OSI model, Modbus is typically classified as an application layer protocol. RS485 serves as the physical layer implementation in the OSI model, responsible for electrical and mechanical characteristics, while Modbus usually resides in the application layer, defining the structure, rules, and protocols for data transmission.
